linux mariadb odbc

阅读量: searchstar 2020-03-27 18:11:13
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参考:
https://blog.csdn.net/mei777387/article/details/75331428
https://www.cnblogs.com/pycode/p/9495793.html

mariadb与mysql非常像,甚至安装mariadb后可以使用mysql命令运行mariadb。

安装软件

sudo apt install -y mariadb-server mariadb-client

我这里安装的是mariadb19。如果是mariadb18,请把下面的mariadb19换成mariadb18。

设置密码

刚安装是没有密码的。先设置密码

sudo -s
mysql
UPDATE mysql.user SET plugin = 'mysql_native_password', Password = PASSWORD('a') WHERE User = 'root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

这里密码设置成了a

以后就可以使用

mysql -u root -p

登录了

安装unixodbc

sudo apt install -y unixodbc

测试一下是否安装成功

odbcinst -j

成功:
在这里插入图片描述
失败的话看参考链接。

安装MariaDB Connector/ODBC

https://downloads.mariadb.org/connector-odbc/+releases/

这是目前的最新版本

然后cd到下载目录

mkdir mariadb-connector-odbc-3.1.6-ga-debian-x86_64
tar -zxvf mariadb-connector-odbc-3.1.6-ga-debian-x86_64.tar.gz -C mariadb-connector-odbc-3.1.6-ga-debian-x86_64
cd mariadb-connector-odbc-3.1.6-ga-debian-x86_64/lib
sudo cp libmaodbc.so /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mariadb19/

编辑/etc/odbcinst.ini

# Example driver definitions
# Driver from the postgresql-odbc package
# Setup from the unixODBC package

# Driver from the mysql-connector-odbc package
# Setup from the unixODBC package
[mariadb]
Description = ODBC for mariadb
Driver = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mariadb19/libmaodbc.so
Setup = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mariadb19/libmaodbc.so
FileUsage = 1

这里实际上是定义了一个叫做mariadb的driver。
# 编辑/etc/odbc.ini

[dbexp2]
Description = mariadb
Driver = mariadb
Server = 127.0.0.1
Port = 3306
USER = root
Password = a
CHARSET = UTF8

测试

isql dbexp2 -v

大概率会出错。

[01000][unixODBC][Driver Manager]Can't open lib '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mariadb19/libmaodbc.so' : file not found
[ISQL]ERROR: Could not SQLConnect

其实是因为libmaodbc.so的依赖不满足。
看看它的依赖:

ldd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mariadb19/libmaodbc.so

输出:

	linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffe223e4000)
	libodbcinst.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libodbcinst.so.2 (0x00007f78c000a000)
	libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f78bfe87000)
	libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f78bfe82000)
	libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f78bfe61000)
	libssl.so.1.0.0 => not found
	libcrypto.so.1.0.0 => not found
	libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f78bfc9e000)
	libltdl.so.7 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libltdl.so.7 (0x00007f78bfc93000)
	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f78c04d0000)

可以看到找不到libssl.so.1.0.0和libcrypto.so.1.0.0。
解决方案:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41961459/article/details/105141622
再查看依赖

linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff634cb000)
	libodbcinst.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libodbcinst.so.2 (0x00007fe427f12000)
	libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007fe427d8f000)
	libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fe427d8a000)
	libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007fe427d69000)
	libssl.so.1.0.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0 (0x00007fe427b08000)
	libcrypto.so.1.0.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 (0x00007fe42770b000)
	libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fe427548000)
	libltdl.so.7 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libltdl.so.7 (0x00007fe42753d000)
	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fe4283d9000)

已经满足了。

再跑一遍

isql dbexp2 -v

成功:

searchstar@searchstar-debian10-minimum:~/SetupFiles$ isql dbexp2 -v
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected!                            |
|                                       |
| sql-statement                         |
| help [tablename]                      |
| quit                                  |
|                                       |
+---------------------------------------+
SQL> 

在C/C++中使用

参考:
https://blog.csdn.net/techtitan/article/details/6774859
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40861091/article/details/89345860

先安装头文件

sudo apt install -y unixodbc-dev

之后相关头文件就在/usr/include/下了。编译的时候不需要用-I选项。

如果还需要mysql的头文件

sudo apt install -y default-libmysqlclient-dev

之后相关头文件就在/usr/include/mysql下了。编译的时候需要用-I"/usr/include/mysql",或者代码里头文件前加mysql/,例如#include <mysql/mysql.h>

建议使用纯odbc,以保证可移植性。

示例:
(代码参考自https://blog.csdn.net/buptlihang/article/details/80275641

#include <iostream>
#include <sqlext.h>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    sqlhenv serverhenv;
    sqlhdbc serverhdbc;
    sqlhstmt serverhstmt;
    sqlreturn ret;

    static sqlchar dname[45], dno[10];

    sqllen length;

    //分配环境句柄
    ret = sqlallochandle(sql_handle_env,sql_null_handle,&serverhenv);

    //设置环境属性
    ret = sqlsetenvattr(serverhenv,sql_attr_odbc_version,(void*)sql_ov_odbc3,0);
    if(!sql_succeeded(ret))
    {
        cout<<"allocenvhandle error!"<<endl;
		return 0;
    }

    //分配连接句柄
    ret = sqlallochandle(sql_handle_dbc,serverhenv,&serverhdbc);
    if(!sql_succeeded(ret))
    {
        cout<<"allocdbchandle error!"<<endl;
		return 0;
    }

    //数据库连接
    ret = sqlconnect(serverhdbc,(sqlchar*)"dbexp2",sql_nts,(sqlchar*)"root",sql_nts,(sqlchar*)"a",sql_nts);//第二个参数是之前配置的数据源,后面是数据库用户名和密码
    if(!sql_succeeded(ret))
    {
        cout<<"sql_connect error!"<<endl;
		return 0;
    }

    //分配执行语句句柄
    ret = sqlallochandle(sql_handle_stmt,serverhdbc,&serverhstmt);

    //执行sql语句
    ret=sqlexecdirect(serverhstmt,(sqlchar*)"select dname, dno from company.department;",sql_nts);
    if(ret == sql_success || ret == sql_success_with_info){
        //绑定数据
        sqlbindcol(serverhstmt,1, sql_c_char, (void*)dname,sizeof(dname), &length);
        sqlbindcol(serverhstmt,2, sql_c_char, (void*)dno,sizeof(dno), &length);
        //将光标移动到下行,即获得下行数据
        cout << "dname\t\tdno\n";
        while(sql_no_data != sqlfetch(serverhstmt))
        {
            cout << dname << "\t\t" << dno << endl;
        }
    }

    //释放语句句柄
    ret=sqlfreehandle(sql_handle_stmt,serverhstmt);
    if(sql_success!=ret && sql_success_with_info != ret)
        cout<<"free hstmt error!"<<endl;
    //断开数据库连接
    ret=sqldisconnect(serverhdbc);
    if(sql_success!=ret&&sql_success_with_info!=ret)
        cout<<"disconnected error!"<<endl;
    //释放连接句柄
    ret=sqlfreehandle(sql_handle_dbc,serverhdbc);
    if(sql_success!=ret&&sql_success_with_info!=ret)
        cout<<"free hdbc error!"<<endl;
    //释放环境句柄句柄
    ret=sqlfreehandle(sql_handle_env,serverhenv);
    if(sql_success!=ret&&sql_success_with_info!=ret)
        cout<<"free henv error!"<<endl;

    cout << "done" << endl;

    return 0;
}

因为之前数据源中已经定义了用户名和密码,所以这里用户名和密码可以省掉,即

ret = sqlconnect(serverhdbc,(sqlchar*)"dbexp2",sql_nts,(sqlchar*)"root",sql_nts,(sqlchar*)"a",sql_nts);//第二个参数是之前配置的数据源,后面是数据库用户名和密码

可以换成

ret = SQLConnect(serverhdbc,(SQLCHAR*)"dbexp2",SQL_NTS, NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
g++ main.cpp -lodbc -o main
./main

输出:

dname		dno
Economy Department		000
Sales Department		001
Human Resource Department		010
Produce Department		011
Research Department		100
done